3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has evolved from a niche innovation into a mainstream industrial tool. In Australia, adoption is rising as research and development-driven companies and institutions increasingly use it for prototyping, tooling, and end-use products, valuing its efficiency and cost-effectiveness. In healthcare, architecture, automotive, and education, Australian businesses are leveraging 3D printing to drive innovation and reduce reliance on traditional manufacturing methods.
With this trend, the need for top-level design and printing support is increasing. Most organizations are employing professional services to ensure that their concepts are realized accurately and reliably. One of them is Formero product design services who help Australian businesses make their ideas become a reality by professional 3D design, prototyping and manufacturing solutions. Understanding the different 3D printing technologies available is critical to being able to make informed decisions and choose the appropriate process for a given application.
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)
Fused Deposition Modelling is perhaps the most commonly used 3D printing technology, especially in Australia’s educational and small business sectors. The process is a melting of thermoplastic filament and extruding it in layer form to shape the object required. FDM printers are generally less costly and easier to use than most, therefore a good choice for schools and beginners. For professional applications FDM is used to produce working prototypes, jigs, fixtures and even production components in low volume. Layer resolution and surface finish is normally coarser than with some other ones though and post processing may be required for some application.
Stereolithography (SLA)
Stereolithography is one of the oldest and most precise 3D printing techniques. It involves a laser that solidifies liquid resin into solid plastic through a process called photopolymerisation. This process is favoured due to its capability of creating high detail parts with fine surface finish. In Australia SLA is used extensively in industries such as dentistry, jewellery and product design where accuracy and surface finish are of prime importance. Concept models, detailed prototypes and mould production are uses where designers and engineers make use of SLA. The disadvantage is SLA materials are less strong compared to other materials and the post processing process of washing and curing is more time consuming.
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
Selective Laser Sintering is used for producing strong, hard pieces that don’t require support structures. It melts powdered material—the most popular of which is nylon—under the power of a laser into solid shape. SLS is used in Australia by companies needing functional and strong prototypes or small production runs. Since the powder bed supports the printed part, difficult geometries print more easily than FDM or SLA. SLS printed parts are ready for mechanical testing and real-world uses and as such is a great tool for engineers and manufacturers. But SLS machines are generally more expensive and are used in an industrial or service bureau environment rather than office or home.
Digital Light Processing (DLP)
Digital Light Processing is like SLA but uses a digital projector screen to flash entire layers of light onto a resin, curing them all at once. This means faster print times and better accuracy. DLP is popular in Australia’s dental and medical industries, and with professionals who need fine details in a short timeframe. The technology supports high res models and is great for applications where intricate features and smooth surfaces are required. As with SLA, DLP parts need to be cleaned and cured after print and the materials are more specialist so need to be handled and stored carefully.
Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) and Other Emerging Technologies
Multi Jet Fusion is a newer technology that builds on the benefits of powder based methods like SLS but with added speed and detail. It works by depositing a binding agent onto the powder bed and then fusing it with heat. MJF is getting attention in Australia for its ability to produce highly functional, detailed parts faster than traditional powder based systems. It’s great for product development teams and manufacturers who need durable components for real world use. Other advanced technologies like metal 3D printing, including Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) are also becoming more available in Australia, especially in industries like aerospace, defence and mining where strength and performance are key.
